Patterns in derivation of Czech: Applying the paradigmatic approach to Czech word-formation
First, suffixless action nouns derived from verbs (skok 'jump') are analysed and contrasted with unmotivated suffixless nouns (noc 'night') from which denominal verbs are derived. The corpus data reveal that suffixless action nouns correspond mostly to a pair of verbs with aspect-changing suffixes (cf. skákat : skočit 'to jump.PFV|IPFV' > skok 'jump'). In contrast, verbs that are based on nouns use a prefix to change the aspect (noc 'night' > nocovat 'to stay.IPFV overnight' > přenocovat 'to stay.PFV overnight').
The difference between verbs with verbal roots vs. nominal roots is elaborated into two patterns which are exploited in the second case study on verbal morphology. Assuming that, according to my analysis, Czech native verbs with verbal roots prefer to change the aspect by substituting the suffix (navrhnout : navrhovat 'to propose.PFV|IPFV') while verbs with nominal roots attach a prefix (nocovat : přenocovat 'to stay.PFV|IPFV overnight'), a clear dominance of the prefixation pattern with loan verbs (e.g. kontrolovat : zkontrolovat 'to control.PFV|IPFV') over the suffixation pattern (riskovat : risknout 'to risk.PFV|IPFV') suggests that loan verbs in Czech resemble native denominal verbs.